A physical therapist can assess your specific balance and walking pattern and build a program that combines strength, balance, and gait training. Cleveland Clinic includes physical and occupational therapy among the components of fall-prevention care in MS.

Research on falls in MS identifies impaired balance as a major physiological risk factor for falling.

Tai chi uses slow, controlled movements that challenge balance and weight shifting. A systematic review found evidence that tai chi may improve functional balance and quality of life in people with MS, but the authors cautioned that the available studies had methodological limitations and small samples.

A small pilot study found that a six-month yoga program improved balance scores, especially among participants with greater disability. Because the study was small, more research is needed.

Removing loose rugs, securing cords, improving lighting, and adding grab bars or handrails can make your home safer. The home is a common setting for falls among people with MS.

Decluttering your home, even in areas that don't feel especially messy, may also help reduce falls and improve quality of life. An occupational therapist can walk through your space and point out risks you might not spot on your own, including places where a grab bar or handrail could help.

Canes, walkers, or ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) may help improve stability and mobility when matched to your gait, strength, and mobility needs. Experts recommend appropriate assistive devices as one part of a broader, individualized fall-prevention approach. It's worth working with a physical therapist or neurologist to choose the right device and learn to use it safely.

Using a mobility aid doesn't eliminate fall risk on its own. Training and other strategies, such as exercise and home modifications, are also important.

When choosing everyday footwear, consider low- or flat-soled shoes; boots may offer additional ankle support. Footwear is another practical part of fall prevention. High heels, floppy slippers, and shoes with slick soles can make slips and falls more likely, so check that the shoes you wear most often are sturdy and fit well.

If you use an AFO, choose footwear that is wide and deep enough to fit it securely.

Vision problems can make hazards harder to see clearly, which may increase fall risk. Double vision, blurred vision, and nystagmus (uncontrolled eye movements) are examples of vision problems that can affect balance.

Regular eye tests are worth keeping up with as part of overall balance care. If vision problems are making it hard to see or stay steady, get assistance when walking.

Fatigue is an MS symptom often linked to falls. Because fatigue is linked to falls, it may be worth pacing activity and building in rest breaks when fatigue is worse.

Energy-conserving techniques, such as scheduling demanding tasks for when you have the most energy, can make daily activities easier.

Some medication side effects, including drowsiness and dizziness, can contribute to falls. For this reason, ask your doctor or pharmacist about regular medication reviews, especially if you take several medications.

Some drugs, including muscle relaxants and anti-seizure medications, can cause dizziness or vertigo.